Ingabe isikebhe sokudoba ngezimoto sibiza izindleko zokudoba olwandle nokuhweba

Ukuqinisa amamajini kuyo yonke imboni yasolwandle kuphoqa abaqhubi ukuthi bacabange kabusha amasu emikhumbi. Ukwenyuka kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, izindinganiso eziqinile zokuthobela imithetho, kanye nokwenyuka kwekhanda lokunakekela kucindezela abadobi basolwandle kanye nabaphathi bemikhumbi. Ngeke usakwazi ukuthembela ekuqageleni lapho ukhetha umkhumbi. Ihora ngalinye lomsebenzi kufanele lenze imali engenayo. Ukwehluleka kwemishini kusongela ngokuqondile inzuzo yesizini. Inkinga yebhizinisi ewumnyombo isekushubeni okungapheli. Abaqhubi kufanele bathole umkhumbi okwazi ukubhekana nezimo ezinzima, ezingalindelekile zasogwini kuyilapho begcina isabelomali sokusebenza esizinzile. Kufanele ulinganise umthamo womthwalo okhokhelwayo, uhla lokuzulazula, nokuphepha kwezisebenzi ngokumelene nezindleko zekhephithali ezikhubazekile kanye ne-overhead yokusebenza eqhubekayo. Abaqhubi abaningi bawela ogibeni lokuhlomisa ngokweqile. Bacabanga ukuthi impumelelo yezohwebo idinga umkhumbi oqedwe kanokusho, osezingeni eliphezulu. Sidinga ukuphikisa inganekwane ebizayo yesikebhe njengamanje. Inzuzo isuka ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo, ezisekelweni ezizwakalayo kunesakhiwo sokudoba kwezemidlalo okuphambili. I-bare-bones hull ene-propulsion ethembekile izuza umkhumbi ophucuzeke kakhulu ohlezi esikhumulweni semikhumbi ulinde izingxenye zobunikazi.

• Izindleko zokusebenza sezizonke zikhomba ukusebenza kahle: A Isikebhe sokudoba esingabizi kakhulu asichazwa ngentengo yaso, kodwa ngezinga laso lokushiswa kukaphethiloli, isikhathi sokuphumula sisesimweni esihle, kanye nesilinganiso somthwalo wesisindo.

• Isigaba sikasayizi ka-25-30' inkundla yempi ebalulekile: Lolu bude obuthile bumele iphuzu lapho o-opharetha kufanele balinganise ngokucophelela umnotho we-inboard ngokumelene nokuqhutshwa kwe-outboard.

• I-Propulsion shifts amamajini womthelela: Imboni ibona ushintsho olubaliwe oluya ku- Isikebhe sokudoba esinenjini yangaphandle ukuze sisetshenziselwe ukuhwebelana ngenxa yokunakekelwa okujwayelekile kanye nesikhala esikhulu sedekhi, nakuba izikebhe zihlala zisezingeni lomsebenzi wokufuduka ogwini lolwandle.

• I-Hull design ishayela ukusebenza kahle: Ezinye izindlela ezifana ne- Isikebhe sokudoba i-panga sinikeza ukusebenza kahle kwezindleko ngokwedlulele kwezicelo ezithile zentengiso zasogwini kanye naseduze nasogwini uma kuqhathaniswa nezigodlo zendabuko ezijulile ze-V.

• Isikhathi sokuphumula siyizindleko ezinkulu: Ukusebenza kwezentengiselwano kuncike ekunciphiseni izinsuku ezilahlekile ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwemishini; ukuthembeka kwenjini, ukuqina kwesakhiwo, nokutholakala kwezingxenye kuvame ukudlula amamethrikhi okuqala okusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli.

Ukuchaza Ukusebenza Kwezentengiselwano: Yini Eyenza Isikebhe Sokudoba Sisebenze Ngezindleko?

Ukuqonda ibhalansi phakathi kwezindleko ezinkulu zokuqala kanye nezindleko zokusebenza okuqhubekayo kwakha isisekelo senzuzo yasolwandle. Izingosi zezinsiza ezisezingeni lokungena zidinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphansi kwangaphambili. Amapulatifomu asolwandle asebenza kanzima akhuphuka kakhulu ezidingweni zokuthenga zokuqala. Nokho, ukuthenga kokuqala okuphansi ngokushesha kuba yisikweletu esikhulu uma izindleko zokusebenza zilinganisa ngokulinganayo. Uma i-hull evumelana nesabelomali idinga amandla amakhulu ehhashi ukuze nje uhlale endizeni, ukushiswa kukaphethiloli okuwumphumela kushabalalisa amamajini enzuzo yansuku zonke. Kufanele uhlole umkhumbi njengohlelo oluphelele lokusebenza. Isici ezingxenyeni ezishintshayo, ukuseviswa okujwayelekile, nobuqotho besakhiwo se-layup ye-fiberglass.

A Isikebhe sokudoba ngezohwebo kufanele sithuthe ngokuphepha iqhwa elanele, igiya elisindayo, kanye nemikhawulo eminingi yokubamba ukuze senze inzuzo kulo lonke uhambo olulodwa. Imethrikhi yezinsuku zolwandle ibalulekile. Amandla wesimo sezulu athinta ngokuqondile imali engenayo yonyaka. Uma i-design ye-hull yakho ikuphoqa ukuthi uhlale esikhumulweni semikhumbi ngesikhathi sokuqopha okumaphakathi kuyilapho imikhumbi emikhulu idoba ngokunethezeka, ulahlekelwa yizinsuku ezibalulekile zokuhola. Idekhi kufanele ibe nokubekelwa kahle kwe-scupper ukuze kuphume amanzi ngokushesha ngaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo. Izibambiso ezigqunyiwe kufanele zigcine ubuqotho beqhwa phakathi nohambo olunwetshiwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ehlobo.

Ake sibheke izingxenye zesakhiwo ezilawula lokhu kusebenza. Igridi ye-stringer isebenza njengomgogodla womkhumbi. Igridi eklanywe kabi iyagobeka ngaphansi kwemithwalo esindayo, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwengcindezi ye-gelcoat kanye nokuphelelwa amandla. Abasebenzi bezentengiselwano badinga okuqinile okungaphansi kwe-fiberglass, okuvamise ukuqiniswa nge-Kevlar noma i-carbon fibre ezindaweni ezinengcindezi ephezulu njenge-keel nama-chines. Izinto zokufaka ama-Coring ngaphezu komzila wamanzi zonga isisindo, kodwa kufanele zivalwe kahle ukuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi. Umgogodla ogcwele amanzi wengeza amakhulu amakhilogremu esisindo esifile, ucekele phansi uphethiloli osebenza kahle futhi uguqule isikhungo somkhumbi wamandla adonsela phansi.

Uhlelo olufanele lwendawo yokuthengisa amanzi ludinga amaphampu amanzi angahlungi aphezulu, ngokuvamile asebenza ngokuhambisana ukuze aphelelwe amandla. Uma iphampu eyodwa ihluleka, ulahlekelwa ukunikezwa kwakho konke kwe-bait, ngokuqeda usuku lokudoba ngokuphumelelayo. Osayizi be-scupper kumele babe bakhulu ngokwanele ukuze bakhiphe amanzi aluhlaza emphemeni ngemizuzwana, hhayi imizuzu. Ama-scuppers amancane okuzijabulisa avala izikali kanye nemfucumfucu, okwenza umphumela oyingozi wamahhala obeka engcupheni ukuzinza komkhumbi.

Inzuzo yangempela iyahluka kakhulu ngokwesifunda. Idatha yocwaningo ibonisa ngokungaguquki ukuthi umkhumbi olungiselelwe ukukhukhumala kwe-Northeast offshore ungase ungasebenzi kahle ngokwezimali ekusebenzeni kwe-Gulf Coast eduze nogu. Ama-opharetha aseNyakatho avame ukudinga ama-hulls asuka kakhulu anezindlu zokuhlola ezivalekile ukuze alwe nezifutho ezibandayo kanye nezikhathi zamagagasi. Abasebenzi baseNingizimu babeka phambili indawo yedekhi evulekile, okusalungiswa okungashoni, kanye nezokuthutha ezihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu ukuze bafinyelele izinsimbi ezikude zikawoyela noma izinhlelo zamatshe. Kufanele uqondanise izici zokusebenza kwesikebhe ngqo nezimo zasolwandle zasendaweni futhi uqondise izindawo zokudoba ukuze uzuze impumelelo enkulu.

Ukuhlola Amakilasi Izikebhe Zokudoba Ngezimoto Zokusebenza Kwasolwandle

Ama-hulls asuswa kakhulu, afaka ama-deep-V monohull nama-catamarans asogwini, amele indinganiso evamile yomsebenzi ojulile wolwandle. Le mikhumbi yenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukubhekana nesimo sezulu esibi kanye nokucindezeleka okukhulu kwesakhiwo. Lapho esebenza olwandle olusindayo, imikhumbi yezentengiselwano ivamise ukufinyela eduze kwesilinganiso sazo sokucindezeleka esiphezulu esivumelekile. A iqiniso isikebhe sokudoba olwandle sinezingqimba eziwugqinsi ze-fiberglass, amagridi ezintambo aqinile, kanye ne-transom deadrise ewumqansa ukusika phakathi kwamagagasi azayo. Ukuhwebelana kucacile. Uthola ukuzinza okukhethekile, umthamo omkhulu wokulayisha, kanye nokugibela okuphephile ezimeni ezinzima. Nokho, udela ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli. Ukusunduza umkhumbi we-deep-V osindayo emanzini kudinga amandla amakhulu ehhashi, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli okubalulekile kanye nezidingo eziphezulu zokuqalisa.

Kubasebenzisi abafuna ezinye izindlela ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, i-panga design inikeza inkundla yokuhweba eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke. Njengoba iphawulwa ngogongolo oluwumngcingo, umnsalo oshanelayo ophezulu, nokusalungiswa okungajulile, lolu hlobo lwe-hull ludinga amandla amancane wehhashi ukuze kuzuzwe isivinini sokuhlela. I-delta pad evelele ngemuva inikeza i-lift, evumela le mikhumbi ukuthi isebenze kahle enjinini eyodwa yebanga eliphakathi. Ukuhwebelana kuhlanganisa ukukhokhelwa nokunethezeka. I-beam ewumngcingo ikhawulela isikhala sedeski futhi ikhawulela umthamo weqhwa futhi ubambe ongakwazi ukukuthwala. Isisindo esincane kanye nengxenye ye-aft eyisicaba ingaholela ekugibeleni okujezisayo phakathi ne-offshore chop eyeqile, kwehlise ukunethezeka kwabasebenzi kanye nokukhathala okwandayo ezikhathini ezinde zokuhamba.

Ubakaki wosayizi wamafithi angama-25 kuye kwangama-30 usebenza njengendawo yokungena evamile yabaqhubi bezohwebo abazimele. Lesi sigaba esithile sifika endaweni emnandi yezomnotho zokusebenza. Ihlinzeka ngendawo encane edingekayo yedekhi kanye nebhodi lamahhala lokuphepha kwasolwandle ngenkathi igcina ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kulawulwa. Imikhumbi ekulolu hlu ngokuvamile ingalandelwa, kususwe izimali ezishibhile zezentengiselwano ezibizayo futhi kuvumele abaqhubi ukuthi baqale eduze nezindawo zokudoba ezisebenzayo. Lesi sigaba sikasayizi siphinde sivumele ukukhetha okuguquguqukayo kwe-propulsion, ukuhlala ngakwesokudla kulayini ohlukanisayo lapho opharetha kufanele bakhethe phakathi kwamabhodi angaphandle amabili noma udizili owodwa ongaphakathi.

Ake sihlukanise ama-hull dynamics athile. I-deep-V hull ngokuvamile ifaka i-engeli efile phakathi kuka-21 no-24 degrees endaweni edlulayo. Le engeli ebukhali inqamula amagagasi, inikeza ukuhamba okuthambile. Kodwa futhi kwenza isikebhe sibe sithenda lapho siphumule, okusho ukuthi siginqika kakhulu olwandle oluyisigxobo. Abadobi bezentengiselwano abadonsa amabhodwe noma ukubamba badinga ukuzinza. I-modified-V hull, enokufa kwe-17 kuya ku-19 degrees, inikeza ukuyekethisa. Inikeza ukuzinza okungcono ekuphumuleni futhi idinga amandla amancane ukuze indiza, nakuba igibela kakhulu olwandle olusindayo. Ama-Catamaran abamba umoya phakathi kwama-sponson, okwenza i-lift kanye nokugibela okuthambile ngokumangalisayo. Banikeza isikhala esikhulu sedeski ngenxa yomugqa wabo obanzi oqhutshwa yonke indlela ukuya phambili. Kodwa-ke, ama-catamaran azwela kakhulu ekusabalaliseni isisindo. Ukulayisha ngokweqile uhlangothi olulodwa ngegiya elisindayo kushintsha kakhulu izici zokubamba.

Abakhi besimanje bezentengiselwano basebenzisa izinqubo zokufakwa kwe-vacuum ukuze bafinyelele isilinganiso esiphelele se-resin-to-glass. Lokhu kuqeda i-air voids futhi kudala igobolondo elilula, eliqinile uma liqhathaniswa nezindlela ezijwayelekile zokubekwa ngesandla. I-gelcoat kufanele yakhiwe ukuze imelane nemithelela enzima evela ezisindweni zomthofu, izicupho, nama-gaffs. I-gelcoat ezacile, yezinga lokuzijabulisa ngokushesha iphopha futhi iveze i-fiberglass engaphansi ekungeneni kwamanzi.

I-Commercial Vessel Hull kanye ne-Propulsion Comparison

I-Propulsion Economics: I-Outboard Motor Fishing Boat vs. Inboard Systems

Inkulumompikiswano phakathi kwama-outboards kanye nama-inboards ibusa ukuhlelwa kwemikhumbi yezentengiselwano. Ukuqhathanisa izindleko zangaphambili kuveza umehluko omkhulu. Ukuhlanganisa i-hull engamamitha angu-28 enamabhodi angaphandle amabili anamandla amahhashi kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kokuqala ezimotweni, ukufakwa kwedijithali, namasilinda okuqondisa. Ukufaka idizili yokuhweba yasolwandle eyodwa ngaphakathi kuhlanganisa izithiyo ezehlukene zezimali, okuhlanganisa igiya elisindayo lokuthutha, ukuqondanisa kweshafti eyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nemizila ekhethekile yokukhipha umoya. Esigabeni samamitha angu-25-30, amabhodi angaphandle ngokuvamile ahlinzeka ngenqubo yokufaka elula futhi ebikezelwayo, kuyilapho amabhodi angaphakathi adinga i-hull ebunjwe ngokukhethekile ukuze ifake ibhokisi lenjini kanye negiya lokugijima.

Ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli kanye nokugcinwa komjikelezo wokuphila kunquma ukuphila isikhathi eside. Amabhodi okuphuma esimanje anemivimbo emine aqhayisa ngamajika ahlaba umxhwele kaphethiloli, asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokushiswa kancane ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa kuma-RPM ohambo. Kodwa-ke, udizili usalokhu ungompetha abangaphikisiwe betorque esezingeni eliphansi kanye nokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli osindayo. Iqiniso lesondlo livame ukushayela isinqumo sokugcina. Amabhodi angaphandle avumela ukunikwa amandla ngokushesha. Uma i-powerhead ihluleka maphakathi nesizini, ungakwazi ukuvula injini bese ulenga entsha ntambama, cishe uqede ukuphelelwa yisikhathi kwezohwebo. Amabhodi angaphakathi adinga oomakhenikha bedizili abakhethekile. Ukulungisa okukhulu kuvame ukudinga ukudotshwa okomile komkhumbi nokudonsa injini emphemeni. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, udizili wezohwebo onakekelwa kahle ungadlula kalula amahora ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi wesevisi, udlule kude isikhathi esivamile sokuphila se-outboard esetshenziswa kakhulu.

Ukubekwa kwenjini kuthinta ngokuqondile indawo yedekhi esebenzisekayo kanye nokuhwebelana komthwalo okhokhelwayo wezohwebo. Amabhodi angaphandle afakwe ku-transom noma kubakaki bangaphandle. Lokhu kumisa kukhulula yonke indawo ye-aft bilge, okuvumela abakhi ukuthi bafake amabhokisi ezinhlanzi amakhulu, angavalekile kanye nemithombo ephilayo esezingeni eliphezulu ngaphansi kwesiteki. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-inboards adla indawo emaphakathi ye-hull. Ibhokisi lenjini livamise ukuhlala phakathi nendawo yegumbi labasebenzi. Kodwa-ke, ama-inboards ahlinzeka nge-transom ehlanzekile ngokuphelele. Kubasebenzi abadonsa amanetha, ukumisa olayini abade, noma abadonsa izicupho ezinzima, ingemuva elicacile elingenazo izinkomo zangaphandle ezivimbela indawo yokusebenza kuyisidingo esiphelele sokusebenza.

Ake sibheke izindlela zokunakekela nsuku zonke. Abaqhubi be-Outboard kufanele bashaye izinjini zabo ngamanzi ahlanzekile ngemva kohambo ngalunye ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwekristalu kasawoti eziphasejini zokupholisa. Kumelwe bahlole amazinga kawoyela, bahlole iyunithi engezansi ukuthola intambo yokudoba egoqwe i-prop shaft, futhi bagcobe izinqama zokuqondisa. Ama-opharetha angaphakathi abhekana nesethi ehlukile yokuhlola kwansuku zonke. Kumelwe bahlole izihlungi zamanzi aluhlaza ukuze babone imfucumfucu, bahlole uketshezi oludlulisayo, baqaphe ibhokisi lokugxusha ukuze baconse ngokweqile, futhi baqinisekise ukuthi izifutha ze-bilge zisebenza ngendlela efanele. Womabili amasistimu adinga ukubambelela ngokuqinile kumashejuli okulungisa, kodwa ukufinyeleleka ngokomzimba kwezingxenye kuhluka kakhulu. Amabhodi angaphandle avezwe ngokugcwele futhi kulula ukuwafinyelela. Amabhodi angaphakathi ngokuvamile adinga ukukhasela emakamelweni enjini aminyene, ashisayo.

Ukukhetha u-propeller kushintsha kakhulu ukusebenza komkhumbi. Abasebenzi bezentengiselwano bavamise ukushintsha kusukela kophephela bensimbi enamablade amathathu ukuya kwezine. I-prop enama-blade amane ihlinzeka ngokuphakamisa okungemuva okwengeziwe, okuvumela isikebhe esinzima ukuthi sihlale endizeni ngama-RPM aphansi. Lokhu kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli olwandle olugubhayo lapho kungenakwenzeka khona ukuhamba ngesivinini esikhulu. Kufanele futhi ubheke i-cavitation kanye ne-ventilation. Ukuphakama okungafanele kokukhweza injini kuholela emanzini ane-aerated ageleza phezu kwe-prop blades, okubangela ukushelela kanye nomonakalo omkhulu kumagiya eyunithi aphansi.

Izindleko Ezifihliwe Ekusebenzeni Kwezikebhe Zokudoba Olwandle

Ngaphandle kukaphethiloli nokugcinwa kahle, izindleko zokusebenza ezifihliwe zishesha ukucekela phansi inzuzo. Umshwalense wezohwebo wasolwandle uyizindleko eziphoqelekile nezibalulekile. Isilinganiso sama-premium esisuselwe kusayizi womkhumbi, uhlobo lwenjini, impahla ye-hull, nebanga lakho lokusebenza ukusuka ogwini. Ukugijima amamayela angamashumi amahlanu ukusuka ogwini kuthwala iphrofayili yobungozi ehlukile kunokusebenzisa udizili owodwa ophakathi nendawo endaweni. Kufanele futhi uphendule ngezindleko zokuthobela umthetho. Ukuhlangabezana ne-Coast Guard noma izindinganiso zeziphathimandla zasolwandle kudinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo kugiye lokuphepha lezinga lezentengiselwano, okuhlanganisa nokuthumela ngokuzenzakalelayo izihlenga zokuphila, ama-EPIRB, amasudi okusinda, kanye nezinhlelo zokucisha umlilo ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Izinkokhelo zesliphu zezentengiselwano, ukudotshwa kwesikhashana, nokuhlanza okujwayelekile okuphansi nakho kunezela ku-overhead yanyanga zonke.

Ukwehla kwenani kanye nevelu yokuthengisa kabusha kudinga indlela yezezimali esekelwe ebufakazini. Imikhumbi yezentengiselwano iyancipha ngokuhlukile kunezikebhe zokungcebeleka. Kufanele uhlukanise ubude bempilo ye-hull ohlelweni lokuhambisa. Igobolondo le-fiberglass elakhiwe kahle lingahlala lisebenza ngokwentengiso amashumi eminyaka uma ligcinwa lisesimweni. Ama-propulsion systems, nokho, ancipha ngokushesha ngokusekelwe kumamitha ehora. Amamotho aphuma ngaphandle ancipha ngokushesha kakhulu kunamabhodi edizili ngenxa yamabanga awo aphezulu wokusebenza kwe-RPM kanye nokuchayeka ekungeneni kwamanzi anosawoti. Abasebenzisi kufanele bahlanganise amashejuli okunika amandla aqinile kumamodeli wabo wezezimali weminyaka emihlanu kuya kweyishumi. Ukwehluleka ukwenza isabelomali sokubuyisela amandla okuyisibopho kukushiya udidekile ngomkhumbi ongasenamsebenzi.

Cabangela umthelela wokukhula olwandle emzimbeni wakho. Iphansi elingcolile linciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli kanye nesivinini esiphezulu. Abasebenzi bezentengiselwano abagcina izikebhe zabo emanzini kufanele bahlele ukuhlanzwa kwe-diver njalo noma ukukhipha upende omusha ongaphansi. Opende ababolayo bayaphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, baveze i-biocide entsha, kodwa badinga ukuphinda kusetshenziswe ngonyaka. Opende abaqinile bahlala isikhathi eside kodwa bakha izingqimba ekugcineni ezidinga ukuthi zisuswe isihlabathi. Ukukhetha upende ophansi kunomthelela ngqo kubhajethi yakho yonyaka yokulungisa kanye nokusebenza komkhumbi wakho emanzini.

Izinhlelo zikagesi zasolwandle zidinga ukuqapha njalo. Izindawo zamanzi anosawoti zilulaza ngokushesha izintambo ezijwayelekile. Izikebhe zezentengiselwano zidinga intambo yethusi ethayiwe, izixhumi ezinciphisa ukushisa, namaphaneli okuphula angangeni manzi. Intambo eyodwa yaphansi egqwalile ingavala i-navigation electronics, amaphampu e-livewell, noma izinjini zakho. Ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lukagesi lokuzilibazisa lube sezingeni lezentengiso kudinga umsebenzi obalulekile nezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Amabhange ebhethri kufanele ahlukaniswe, abe namabhethri okuqala azinikele futhi ahlukanise amabhethri endlu yomjikelezo ojulile ukuze asebenzise izinto zikagesi namaphampu ngaphandle kokukhipha amandla okuqala.

Izingozi Zokuqalisa kanye Namasu Okunciphisa

Ukuntengantenga kwentengo kaphethiloli kusewusongo njalo emisebenzini yasolwandle. Ukwenyuka okungazelelwe kwezintengo zikadizili wasolwandle noma kaphethiloli kucekela phansi inzuzo yohambo ngobusuku obubodwa. Ukunciphisa lobu bungozi, opharetha kufanele basebenzise isofthiwe yokuhlela umzila ethuthukisiwe ukuze banciphise amamayela angadingekile ezokuthutha. Ukuthuthukisa ama-RPM ahambayo ngokususelwe kudatha yesikhathi sangempela sokugeleza kukaphethiloli kuqinisekisa ukuthi ugijima ngendlela esebenza kahle kakhulu. Ukukhetha imiklamo ye-hull edinga amandla amancane ukuze uhlale endizeni kunikeza isivimbeli esihlala njalo ngokumelene nokukhuphuka kwezindleko zikaphethiloli.

Ukukhathala kwesakhiwo kanye nokugcwala ngokweqile kubangela ukuphepha okukhulu kanye nezingozi zezezimali. Ukusunduza izikebhe ezisezingeni lokungena noma ezilula zidlule imikhawulo yazo evumelekile yesakhiwo ukuze kukhuliswe umthwalo owumthwalo wokubamba kuholela ngokuqondile ekuncipheni okuqinile, ukuqhekeka kwe-transom, kanye nokwehluleka okuyinhlekelele kwethambo. Ukunciphisa kudinga ukubambelela ngokuqinile emandleni omkhiqizi womthwalo wokukhokha. Ukutshala imali kuma-layups e-fiberglass yezinga lezentengiso, ama-bulkheads aqinisiwe, kanye nezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha eziboshiwe kuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhumbi umelana namaqiniso anonya okushaya ngamandla kwansuku zonke ogwini.

Ukubambezeleka kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwezingxenye zezimoto zobunikazi kukhubaza umsebenzi wokuthengisa. Isikhathi sokuphumula esinwetshiwe sokulinda inzwa elula noma igiya leyunithi eliphansi kubiza izinkulungwane zamadola emalini engenayo elahlekile. Ama-smart operators anciphisa lokhu ngokumisa izinjini zabo zemikhumbi. Khetha izinhlobo zezinjini ezigcina amanethiwekhi aqinile, amanethiwekhi omthengisi endawo anezingxenye ezigcwele iminyango. Ukugcina inqolobane yezingxenye ezisele ezibalulekile esandleni kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkinga ezincane zemishini azibangeli izinsuku zokudoba eziphuthelwe.

1. Yenza kube sezingeni amasistimu emikhumbi yakho ukuze wenze lula i-inventory yezingxenye nokuqeqeshwa komakhenikha.

2. Sebenzisa irekhodi lokulungisa ledijithali ukuze ulandelele amahora enjini, izitayela zokushiswa kukaphethiloli, nengxenye yokuphila.

3. Yenza ukuhlolwa kwesakhiwo kwamasonto onke kwe-transom, izintambo, namalunga edekhi ukuze ubambe ukukhathala kusenesikhathi.

4. Faka ikhithi egcwele yezinto eziyisipele, okuhlanganisa izixhumi zephampu yamanzi, izihlungi zikaphethiloli, ama-thermostats, nophephela oyisipele.

5. Qeqesha bonke abasebenzi ngezinqubo zokuxazulula izinkinga eziphuthumayo zamasistimu okulethwa kukagesi kanye nophethiloli.

Umzila wesimo sezulu umele elinye isu elibalulekile lokunciphisa. Abasebenzi bezentengiselwano abakwazi ukukwazi ukubanjwa emigwaqweni engalindelekile. Ukusebenzisa imbondela yesimo sezulu sesathelayithi kuzibonisi zakho zemisebenzi eminingi ikuvumela ukuthi ulandelele amaseli eziphepho nokuphakama kwamagagasi ngesikhathi sangempela. Ukuqonda ukuthi i-hull yakho ethile isabela kanjani ezikhathini zamagagasi ahlukene nezikhombisi-ndlela kukuvumela ukuthi ulungise isihloko sakho nesivinini ukuze unciphise ukushaya kwesakhiwo kanye nokukhathala kwabasebenzi.

Isiphetho

A Isikebhe sokudoba ngemoto sibonakala sisebenza kakhulu olwandle kanye nezicelo zezentengiselwano kuphela lapho izindleko zokusebenza zomkhumbi sezizonke zihambisana kahle nemodeli yemali engenayo yendawo yokudoba kanye nezimo zasolwandle zesifunda. Impumelelo idinga ukukhumula okuthandwayo ngokomzwelo nokuhlola ama-hulls nezinjini njengamathuluzi ezimboni kuphela. Kufanele uqondanise amakhono enkundla ngokuqondile nezimfuneko zakho zansuku zonke zokukhokha kanye nezingqinamba zesimo sezulu.

Lapho wenza uhlu olufushane ongakhetha kukho, landela umqondo oqinile wokusebenza. Khetha ukusethwa kwe-multi-outboard yezindawo zokudoba ezidinga ukuhamba ngesivinini esikhulu, ukunakekelwa kwe-modular, kanye nendawo yokubamba engaphansi kwedekhi, ikakhulukazi ebangeni lamamitha angama-25-30. Khetha ukungena ngaphakathi ngodizili uma umsebenzi wakho udinga ukuthuthwa kanzima, uhambo olude lwezinsuku eziningi, kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenjini ene-transom ecacile. Khetha i-panga-style hull yemisebenzi yesikebhe eseduze nosebe, ehamba phezulu ephansi lapho ukunciphisa imali yokuqala kanye nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli nsuku zonke kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu.

• Qasha umhloli wasolwandle onesitifiketi ukuze ahlole ubuqotho besikhumba, ama-stringer grids, namazinga omswakamo we-transom ngaphambi kokuphothula noma yikuphi ukuthenga.

• Bala ukushiswa kwakho kukaphethiloli okucatshangelwayo ngemayela ngalinye le-nautical ngokusekelwe kudatha yomzila womlando kanye namanqamu okusebenza kwenjini yomhlaba wangempela.

• Thola izingcaphuno zomshwalense wezohwebo wasolwandle ngokushesha ukuze uqinisekise i-overhead yakho yokusebenza yanyanga zonke.

• Sungula uhlelo olujwayelekile lokuvikela lokuvikela ukuze kuqedwe isikhathi sokungasebenzi esingalindelekile phakathi nezinkathi zonyaka zokudoba.

FAQ

Q: Unquma kanjani usayizi wesikebhe esifanele sokudoba ngenjongo yokuthengisa?

IMPENDULO: Ubukhulu be-Hull buncike ngokuphelele ekudobeni okuhlosiwe, isilinganiso sezimo zasolwandle, kanye nezidingo zomthwalo okhokhelwayo. Kufanele ubale isisindo sabasebenzi bakho, amathangi kaphethiloli agcwele, iqhwa, igiya, kanye nokubamba okuphezulu. Umkhumbi kufanele usekele ngokuphepha lesi sisindo esiphelele ngenkathi ugcina ibhodi elingenalutho ukuze uvimbele ukugeleza olwandle olugubhayo. Izikebhe ezincane ezingamamitha angu-25 zisebenza kahle ohambweni lwezinsuku eziseduze nogu, kuyilapho imisebenzi yasogwini yezinsuku eziningi idinga amamitha angu-30 noma amapulatifomu amakhulu.

Q: Ingabe ama-outboard motors athembekile ngokwanele ekudobeni olwandle?

IMPENDULO: Yebo, amabhodi angaphandle anemivimbo emine yesimanje asetshenziswa kakhulu kumikhumbi yezentengiselwano ngenxa yokuthembeka kwawo okukhethekile. Ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza okuphezulu ezindaweni zasolwandle ezinokhahlo, abaqhubi kufanele babambelele ngokuqinile ezinkathini zesevisi ezinconywe ngumkhiqizi. Lokhu ngokuvamile kubandakanya ukwenza ukunakekelwa okuphelele njalo ngamahora okusebenza ayikhulu namakhulu amathathu, okuhlanganisa izinguquko zikawoyela, isevisi yeyunithi ephansi, nokushintshwa kwephampu yamanzi.

Q: Kungani umkhumbi wesitayela se-panga uthathwa njengosebenza kahle kakhulu ekusebenzeni ogwini?

IMP: Idizayini ifaka imishayo emincane, umnsalo oshanelayo ophezulu, nokusalungiswa okungajulile, okuwuvumela ukuba indize kalula ngamandla amancane wehhashi. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli nsuku zonke kanye nezidingo zokuqala zokuqoshwa kwenjini. Isebenza njengenkundla ekahle yokusebenza kwezikebhe eziseduze nogu, ezihamba phezulu lapho izidingo zomthwalo okhokhelwayo zihlala zilinganiselwe futhi ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli kuwumgomo oyinhloko wokusebenza.

Q: Iyiphi inzuzo enkulu yenjini ye-diesel yangaphakathi?

A: Izinjini zikadizili zinikeza impilo ende ephakeme kakhulu, itorque esezingeni eliphansi, kanye nokusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli okuhle kakhulu ekuthuthweni kwemishini emikhulu. Okubaluleke kakhulu, banikeza i-transom ehlanzekile ngokuphelele. Le ndawo yokusebenzela engemuva engasenazihibe ibalulekile ekudonseni amanetha ngokuphephile, ekubekeni izicupho, nasekulawuleni olayini abade ngaphandle kokuphazamisa igiya noma ukunyakaza kwezisebenzi.

Q: Umthamo wokulayisha uyithinta kanjani inzuzo iyonke?

IMP: Umkhumbi kufanele uthuthe ngokuphepha iqhwa elanele, igiya, kanye nezinhlanzi ukuze ukhokhe izindleko zohambo olungaguquki. Uma isikebhe sintula umthamo wokukhokha wesakhiwo ukuze kukhulunywe kakhulu, i-overhead yokusebenza ngohambo ngalunye ihlala iphezulu ngenkathi imali engenayo yehla. Lokhu kungalingani kunciphisa kakhulu inzuzo yakho enenzuzo phakathi nenkathi yokudoba.

Q: Iyiphi indima edlalwa isikhala sedekhi ekukhetheni uhlelo lokuhambisa?

A: Isikhala sedekhi sisho ngokuqondile ukusebenza kahle. Amabhodi angaphandle akhulula i-aft bilge ukuze uthole amabhokisi amakhulu ezinhlanzi avaleleke nemithombo ephilayo. Amabhodi angaphakathi adla indawo ephakathi nendawo enebhokisi lenjini, kodwa agcina ingemuva licace ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuvimbela ukugxambukela kwegiya ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa kwezentengiselwano okuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kunikeza indawo yokusebenza ephephile kubasebenzi basesitezi.